AIT POLLUTION IN THE CZECH REPUBLIC IN 2000
Czech Hydrometeorological Institute - Air Quality Protection Division



2.1 NETWORKS OF AMBIENT AIR QUALITY MONITORING STATIONS

The ambient air pollution situation has been assessed based on the data archived in the ISKO air pollution database. In addition to the data from CHMI networks, several other organisations that play an important role in air pollution monitoring in the Czech Republic have also been contributing to the ISKO database for a number of years. As it was stated in the Preface, since 1996, the data for the German part of the Black Triangle has been included and presented in the air pollution ISKO database, and the data for the Poland part of the Black Triangle has been included since 1997 likewise.

Table 2-4 provides a clear view of the numbers of measuring sites in individual regions according to the new territorial administrative units of the Czech Republic, broken down by organisations/ branches operating the respective monitoring network. Usually one type of measuring station (one measuring programme) is only installed per site. Several sites, particularly the CHMI ones, operate more than one type of station, for example those at Libuš, Košetice, Bílý Kříž and some other sites at which both automatic (AIM – Automated Air Pollution Monitoring) and hand-operated stations have been installed, as also those intended for the monitoring of heavy metals in SPM and other purposes.

The registration of stations together with the type of their measurements are both updated on an annual basis. In addition to the number of registered stations and the number of registered measurements, the number of active stations is also mentioned, calculated on the basis of the actual reception of data from these stations by the ISKO air pollution database in any given year.

Table 2-5 lists the numbers of air pollution monitoring sites broken down by regions at which basic pollutants, incl. meteorological parameters, are monitored automatically, broken down by CHMI networks and networks of other organizations listed in the explanatory notes. At AIM stations the pollutants are measured by continual analysers and the measured concentrations are as 30 min averages transmitted in real time via switched lines or via radio transmission for further processing.

Table 2-6 lists the numbers of sites in individual regions at which the listed pollutants are monitored by manual or semiautomatic methods, broken down by CHMI networks and networks of other organizations listed in the explanatory notes. The semiautomatic methods include the measurements with the use of continual analysers with subsequent off line processing.

Table 2-7 presents the total numbers of stations in the regions measuring the pollutants not presented in Tables 2-5 and 2-6, broken down by organizations.

The graph in Fig. 2-1 illustrates how the measurement of principal air pollutants has developed since 1971, using the data archived in ISKO database for the organisations and network types listed.

Network density in each of the Czech Republics regions and in the Black Triangle, and monitoring organisations involvement are illustrated in Fig. 2-2.

Further details on station networks, the measurement methods used, on the detection limits of different methods used, and the detailed updated list of stations broken by territorial units and further specific data can be found in the summary tabular survey [2].

Tab. 2-4 Air pollution monitoring sites, based on the owner and the regions, Czech Republic, 2000

Region

CHMI

HS, SZÚ

Z

E+P

KMon

Total

Hlavní město Praha

13

10

1

–

–

24

Jihočeský

6

4

4

–

–

14

Jihomoravský

13

6

1

–

1

21

Karlovarský

7

9

10

3

–

29

Královéhradecký

11

10

6

–

–

27

Liberecký

16

2

4

–

–

22

Moravskoslezský

27

10

4

2

1

44

Olomoucký

9

4

3

–

–

16

Pardubický

5

5

2

3

1

16

Plzeňský

3

7

7

–

6

23

Středočeský

12

18

4

6

–

40

Ústecký

34

31

6

9

–

80

Vysočina

4

3

2

–

–

9

Zlínský

4

8

6

–

2

20

Total

164

127

60

23

11

385

Explanatory notes:
Z agriculture [VÚRV (14), Ekotoxa (37), VÚLHM (6), VÚLHM-Opočno (2), Kolowratské lesy (1)]

E+P eenergetics+ industry [ORGREZ (13), ČEZ (3), Frantschach (1), Česká rafinérská (1),
Elektrárna Mělník (2), Kaučuk Kralupy (1), Spolana Neratovice (2)]

KMon municipal monitoring [MÚ Zlín (2), MÚ Hodonín (1), MÚ Třinec (1), Město Plzeň (6), MÚ Pardubice (1)]

Tab. 2-5 Air pollution monitoring sites measuring basic pollutants and supplementary quantities, AMS and AMS-SRS, based on the regions and the owner (branch), Czech Republic, 2000

Region

SO2

NO2,  NOx

PM10

SPM

O3

CO

BTX

Meteo

CHMI

Others

CHMI

Others

CHMI

HS, SZÚ, Město
Plzeň, MÚ Třinec

CHMI

Others

CHMI

HS, SZÚ, Město
Plzeň, MÚ Pardubice

CHMI

HS, SZÚ,
Město Plzeň

CHMI

MÚ Pardubice

CHMI

Others

Hlavní město Praha

13

–

13

–

12

–

–

–

6

–

5

–

2

–

1

–

Jihočeský

3

2

3

2

3

2

–

–

3

1

1

2

–

–

1

1

Jihomoravský

4

1

4

1

4

1

–

–

3

1

1

–

1

–

2

–

Karlovarský

6

3

6

3

6

1

–

–

2

–

2

1

–

–

4

2

Královéhradecký

2

1

2

1

2

1

–

–

2

1

–

–

–

–

2

–

Liberecký

9

–

9

–

9

–

–

–

3

–

4

–

–

–

7

–

Moravskoslezský

17

3

17

3

17

1

–

–

6

–

6

–

1

–

14

3

Olomoucký

6

1

6

1

6

1

–

–

3

1

3

–

–

–

4

–

Pardubický

2

6

2

6

2

2

–

–

1

1

–

2

–

1

1

4

Plzeňský

2

8

2

8

2

8

–

–

2

5

1

5

–

–

2

6

Středočeský

8

6

8

7

8

1

–

6

2

–

3

1

–

–

6

–

Ústecký

20

7

20

1

20

–

–

–

8

–

11

–

1

–

18

7

Vysočina

2

2

2

2

2

2

–

–

2

1

1

1

–

–

–

–

Zlínský

2

–

2

–

2

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

2

–

Total

96

40

96

35

95

20

–

6

43

11

38

12

5

1

64

23

Total

136

131

115

6

54

50

6

87

Explanatory notes:
Others: ORGREZ, ČEZ, Česká rafinérská, Elektrárna Mělník, Kaučuk Kralupy, Spolana Neratovice.

Meteo Measurement of meteorological parameters
WV – wind velocity, WD – wind direction, p –  atmospheric pressure,
h –  relative air humidity, RAIN –  precipitation amount,
GLRD –  global radiation, T –  temperature (unspecified),
T2m –  temperature 2 m above terrain,
T10m –  temperature 10 m above terrain.

BTX Includes measurement of aromatic hydrocarbons:
toluen, etylbenzen, o-xylen, m-xylen, p-xylen / toluene, ethylbenzene, o-xylene, m-xylene, p-xylene.

Tab. 2-6 Air pollution monitoring sites measuring basic pollutants and supplementary quantities, manual and semiautomatic methods, based on the regions and the owner (branch), Czech Republic 2000

Region

SO2

NO2, NOx

PM10

SPM

O3

CO

Meteo

CHMI

Others

CHMI

Others

CHMI

HS, SZÚ

CHMI

HS, SZÚ, ORGREZ

CHMI

HS, SZÚ

HS, SZÚ

ORGREZ

Hlavní město Praha

–

7

–

9

–

–

1

10

–

–

5

–

Jihočeský

3

4

–

6

–

–

2

2

–

–

–

–

Jihomoravský

9

6

5

7

–

–

8

5

–

–

–

–

Karlovarský

1

17

–

10

1

–

1

9

–

–

–

1

Královéhradecký

9

14

5

10

–

–

4

4

1

–

–

–

Liberecký

7

4

5

3

1

–

6

2

–

–

–

–

Moravskoslezský

10

4

5

5

–

1

11

10

–

–

–

–

Olomoucký

3

6

3

5

–

–

3

3

–

–

–

–

Pardubický

4

5

3

5

–

–

3

3

–

–

–

–

Plzeňský

1

7

1

10

–

–

2

5

–

–

–

–

Středočeský

4

18

1

19

–

–

3

17

–

–

–

–

Ústecký

16

39

12

18

3

3

15

20

–

6

1

1

Vysočina

3

2

2

3

–

–

2

1

–

–

–

–

Zlínský

2

12

1

16

–

–

2

6

–

–

–

–

Total

72

145

43

126

5

4

63

97

1

6

6

2

Total

217

169

9

160

7

6

2

Explanatory notes:
Ostatní / Others: VÚRV, Ekotoxa, VÚLHM, VÚLHM-Opočno, Kolowratské lesy, Frantschach, MÚ Zlín, MÚ Hodonín.

Meteo Measurement of meteorological parameters:
WV – wind velocity, WD –  wind direction,
T10m – temperature 10 m above terrain.

Note: At some stations the measuring programme may be limited.

Tab. 2-7 Total number of monitoring sites measuring the pollutants not presented in Tab. 2-5 and 2-6, based on the owner (branch), Czech Republic, 2000

Region

TK

VOC

POPs

NH3

HNO3,
NO3
NH4

SO4

H2S

CHMI

HS, SZÚ,
ORGREZ

CHMI

HS, SZÚ,
MÚ Pardubice

CHMI

HS, SZÚ

CHMI

HS, SZÚ

CHMI

CHMI

HS, SZ,
Frantschach

Hlavní město Praha

1

10

1

1

–

1

1

–

1

–

–

Jihočeský

2

1

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

Jihomoravský

1

6

–

–

–

1

–

–

–

–

–

Karlovarský

1

10

–

1

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

Královéhradecký

1

4

–

1

–

1

–

–

–

–

–

Liberecký

3

1

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

Moravskoslezský

5

10

–

1

–

2

–

–

–

–

–

Olomoucký

–

1

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

Pardubický

1

3

–

–

–

–

1

–

1

–

–

Plzeňský

1

5

–

–

–

1

–

–

–

–

–

Středočeský

2

10

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

Ústecký

4

15

–

1

–

1

–

1

–

1

4

Vysočina

1

3

1

–

1

1

1

–

1

–

–

Zlínský

–

6

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

Total

23

85

2

5

1

8

3

1

3

1

4

Total

108

7

9

4

3

1

4

Explanatory notes:
TK/HM Includes measurement of the following elements:
As, Cd, Cr, Ni, Be, Na, Mg, Al, Si, S, Cl, K, Ca, Ti, V, Mn, Fe, Cu, Zn, Se, Br, Rb, Sr, Sb, Hg.

VOC Includes measurement of separately anylyzed hydrocarbons:
methane, ethane, ethene, propane, propene, i-butane, n-butane, acethylene, sum of butene, i-pentane, n-pentane,
sum of pentene, methyl cyclopentane, n-hexane, cyclohexane, n-heptane, isoprene, toluene, ethylbenzene, m,p-xylene,
o-xylene, nonane, 2+3 methylpentane, 2+3 methylhexane, cyclopentane, 2,2-dimethylbutane, 2,3 dimethylbutane,
2+3 methylheptane, i-octane, n-octane.

POPs Includes measurement of persistent organic pollutants:
anthracene, acenaphtene, acenaphthylene, benzo(a)anthracene, benzo(a)pyrene, benzo(b)fluoranthene,
benzo(g,h,i)perylene, benzo(k)fluoranthene, chrysene, dibenzo(a,h)anthracene, phenanthrene, fluorene, fluoranthene,
ideno(1,2,3-cd)pyrene, naphtalene, pyrene, alpha-HCH, beta-HCH, delta-HCH, gamma-HCH, hexachlorbenzene, PCP28,
PCB52, PCB101, PCB118, PCB138, PCB153, PCB180, p,p-DDD, p,p-DDE, p,p-DDT.

Note: At some stations the measuring programme may be limited.

Fig. 2-1

Monitoring of principal pollutants in selected organisations - development

Fig. 2-2

Major station networks of ambient air quality monitoring, 2000